English summary: PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG YOUNG ADULTS - RISK FACTORS AND USE OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES

Background

The aim of the study was to explore the prevalence and developmental pathways of psychological distress among young adults and to identify risk factors for psychological distress in relation to its prevalence and incidence. Potential risk factors were sociodemographic variables and childhood and current adversities.

Methods

The study was based on a representative sample of Finnish young adults aged 18?29. In 2001 a total of 1282 persons took part in a baseline interview and returned a general health questionnaire. Of them 1023 also returned the follow-up questionnaire 2003-2005.

Results

The prevalence of psychological distress at baseline was 14% in women and 10% in men. The corresponding prevalences at follow-up were 21% and 13%. The incidence of psychological distress was 18% in women and 11% in men. Several childhood and current adversities and high alcohol consumption were associated with psychological distress. Psychological distress was associated with frequent use of health care services, but only 18% of distressed women and 11% of distressed men had sought professional help for a mental health problem.

Conclusions

Despite the frequent use of health care services, psychologically distressed young adults seldom seek professional help for their distress. Attention should be paid to recognition of psychological distress among patients with high alcohol consumption or frequent use of health care services.